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The Android Keystore system lets you store cryptographic keys in a container to make it more difficult to extract from the device. Once keys are in the keystore, they can be used for cryptographic operations with the key material remaining non-exportable. Moreover, it offers facilities to restrict when and how keys can be used, such as requiring user authentication for key use or restricting keys to be used only in certain cryptographic modes. See Security Features section for more information.
The Keystore system is used by the
KeyChain
API, introduced in Android 4.0 (API level 14), as well as the Android Keystoreprovider feature, introduced in Android 4.3 (API level 18). This document goesover when and how to use the Android Keystore provider.Android magazine app maker professional Serial Key Crack Keygen License Activation Code Warez Download Android magazine app maker professional Serial Number Key Patch Unlock Code Crack or KeyGen for Full Version Warez Software License Activation for Free from BombSerials.com - The Largest Serials Portal. Search this site. Undelete Photos Professional serial key (review). ( Android Magazine App Maker full version (reviews). Android magazine app maker It is the fastest way to make page-flip Android apps for publishing and marketing. The output app displays powerful interactional functions and gorgeous flipping effect which make reading process enjoyable. IObit Driver Booster Pro 2.1.2 Full Serial Key IObit driver Booster Pro 2.1.2 rilis akhir - Menggunakan aplikasi ini menempatkan Anda di depan orang banyak ketika datang ke instalasi dr. Webroot SecureAnywhere 8.0.6.44 Full Crack.
Security features
Android Keystore system protects key material from unauthorized use. Firstly, Android Keystoremitigates unauthorized use of key material outside of the Android device by preventing extraction ofthe key material from application processes and from the Android device as a whole. Secondly,Android KeyStore mitigates unauthorized use of key material on the Android device by making appsspecify authorized uses of their keys and then enforcing these restrictions outside of the apps'processes.
Extraction prevention
Key material of Android Keystore keys is protected from extraction using two security measures:
- Key material never enters the application process. When an application performs cryptographic operations using an Android Keystore key, behind the scenes plaintext, ciphertext, and messages to be signed or verified are fed to a system process which carries out the cryptographic operations. If the app's process is compromised, the attacker may be able to use the app's keys but cannot extract their key material (for example, to be used outside of the Android device).
- Key material may be bound to the secure hardware (e.g., Trusted Execution Environment (TEE), Secure Element (SE)) of the Android device. When this feature is enabled for a key, its key material is never exposed outside of secure hardware. If the Android OS is compromised or an attacker can read the device's internal storage, the attacker may be able to use any app's Android Keystore keys on the Android device, but not extract them from the device. This feature is enabled only if the device's secure hardware supports the particular combination of key algorithm, block modes, padding schemes, and digests with which the key is authorized to be used. To check whether the feature is enabled for a key, obtain a
KeyInfo
for the key and inspect the return value ofKeyInfo.isInsideSecurityHardware()
.
Hardware security module
Supported devices running Android 9 (API level 28) or higher installed canhave a StrongBox Keymaster, an implementation of the Keymaster HAL thatresides in a hardware security module. The module contains the following:
- Its own CPU.
- Secure storage.
- A true random-number generator.
- Additional mechanisms to resist package tampering and unauthorized sideloadingof apps.
When checking keys stored in the StrongBox Keymaster, the system corroborates akey's integrity with the Trusted Execution Environment (TEE).
To support low-power StrongBox implementations, a subset of algorithms and keysizes are supported:
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- RSA 2048
- AES 128 and 256
- ECDSA P-256
- HMAC-SHA256 (supports key sizes between 8 bytes and 64 bytes, inclusive)
- Triple DES 168
When generating or importing keys using the
Note: If the StrongBox Keymaster isn't available for the given algorithm andkey size associated with a key, the framework throws aKeyStore
class, you indicate apreference for storing the key in the StrongBox Keymaster by passing true
tothe setIsStrongBoxBacked()
method in either the KeyGenParameterSpec.Builder
class or theKeyProtection.Builder
class.StrongBoxUnavailableException
.Key use authorizations
To mitigate unauthorized use of keys on the Android device, Android Keystore lets apps specifyauthorized uses of their keys when generating or importing the keys. Once a key is generated orimported, its authorizations cannot be changed. Authorizations are then enforced by the AndroidKeystore whenever the key is used. This is an advanced security feature which is generally usefulonly if your requirements are that a compromise of your application process after keygeneration/import (but not before or during) cannot lead to unauthorized uses of the key.
Supported key use authorizations fall into the following categories:
- cryptography: authorized key algorithm, operations or purposes (encrypt, decrypt, sign, verify), padding schemes, block modes, digests with which the key can be used;
- temporal validity interval: interval of time during which the key is authorized for use;
- user authentication: the key can only be used if the user has been authenticated recently enough. See Requiring User Authentication For Key Use.
As an additional security measure, for keys whose key material is inside secure hardware (see
KeyInfo.isInsideSecurityHardware()
) some key use authorizations may be enforced by secure hardware, depending on the Android device. Cryptographic and user authentication authorizations are likely to be enforced by secure hardware. Temporal validity interval authorizations are unlikely to be enforced by the secure hardware because it normally doesn't have an independent secure real-time clock.Whether a key's user authentication authorization is enforced by the secure hardware can be queried using
KeyInfo.isUserAuthenticationRequirementEnforcedBySecureHardware()
.Choose between a keychain or theAndroid keystore provider
Use the
KeyChain
API when you want system-wide credentials. When an app requests the use of any credential through the KeyChain
API, users get to choose, through a system-provided UI, which of the installed credentials an app can access. This allows several apps to use the same set of credentials with user consent.Use the Android Keystore provider to let an individual app store its own credentials that only the app itself can access. This provides a way for apps to manage credentials that are usable only by itself while providing the same security benefits that the
KeyChain
API provides for system-wide credentials. This method requires no user interaction to select the credentials.Use Android keystore provider
To use this feature, you use the standard
KeyStore
and KeyPairGenerator
orKeyGenerator
classes along with theAndroidKeyStore
provider introduced in Android 4.3 (API level 18).AndroidKeyStore
is registered as a KeyStore
type for use with the KeyStore.getInstance(type)
method and as a provider for use with the KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(algorithm, provider)
and KeyGenerator.getInstance(algorithm, provider)
methods.Generate a new private key
Generating a new
PrivateKey
requires that you also specify the initial X.509 attributes that the self-signed certificate will have. You can use KeyStore.setKeyEntry
to replace the certificate at a later time with a certificate signed by a Certificate Authority (CA).To generate the key, use a
KeyPairGenerator
with KeyPairGeneratorSpec
:Generate a new secret key
To generate the key, use a
KeyGenerator
with KeyGenParameterSpec
.Import encrypted keys more securely
Android 9 (API level 28) and higher allow you to import encrypted keyssecurely into the Keystore using an ASN.1‑encoded key format. TheKeymaster then decrypts the keys in the Keystore, so the content of the keysnever appears as plaintext in the device's host memory. This processprovides additional key decryption security.
Note: This feature is supported only on devices that ship with Keymaster 4 orhigher.To support secure importing of encrypted keys into the Keystore, complete thefollowing steps:
- Generate a key pair that uses the
PURPOSE_WRAP_KEY
purpose. Wincleaner oneclick professional cant enter serial key. It's recommended that you add attestation to this key pair, as well. - On a server or machine that you trust, generate the ASN.1 message that the
SecureKeyWrapper
should contain.The wrapper contains the following schema: - Create a
WrappedKeyEntry
object, passing in the ASN.1 message as a byte array. - Pass this
WrappedKeyEntry
object into the overload ofsetEntry()
that accepts aKeystore.Entry
object.
Work with keystore entries
Using the
AndroidKeyStore
provider takes place through all the standard KeyStore
APIs.List entries
List entries in the keystore by calling the
aliases()
method:Sign and verify data
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Sign data by fetching the
KeyStore.Entry
from the keystore and using the Signature
APIs, such as sign()
:Similarly, verify data with the
verify(byte[])
method:Require user authentication for key use
When generating or importing a key into the
AndroidKeyStore
you can specify that the keyis only authorized to be used if the user has been authenticated. The user is authenticated using asubset of their secure lock screen credentials (pattern/PIN/password, fingerprint).This is an advanced security feature which is generally useful only if your requirements are thata compromise of your application process after key generation/import (but not before or during)cannot bypass the requirement for the user to be authenticated to use the key.
When a key is authorized to be used only if the user has been authenticated, it is configured tooperate in one of the two modes:
- User authentication authorizes the use of keys for a duration of time. All keys in this mode are authorized for use as soon as the user unlocks the secure lock screen or confirms their secure lock screen credential using the
KeyguardManager.createConfirmDeviceCredentialIntent
flow. The duration for which the authorization remains valid is specific to each key, as specified usingsetUserAuthenticationValidityDurationSeconds
during key generation or import. Such keys can only be generated or imported if the secure lock screen is enabled (seeKeyguardManager.isDeviceSecure()
). These keys become permanently invalidated once the secure lock screen is disabled (reconfigured to None, Swipe or other mode which doesn't authenticate the user) or forcibly reset (e.g. by a Device Administrator). - User authentication authorizes a specific cryptographic operation associated with one key. In this mode, each operation involving such a key must be individually authorized by the user. Currently, the only means of such authorization is fingerprint authentication:
FingerprintManager.authenticate
. Such keys can only be generated or imported if at least one fingerprint is enrolled (seeFingerprintManager.hasEnrolledFingerprints
). These keys become permanently invalidated once a new fingerprint is enrolled or all fingerprints are unenrolled.
Supported algorithms
Cipher
Algorithm | Supported (API Levels) | Notes |
---|---|---|
AES/CBC/NoPadding | 23+ | |
AES/CBC/PKCS7Padding | 23+ | |
AES/CTR/NoPadding | 23+ | |
AES/ECB/NoPadding | 23+ | |
AES/ECB/PKCS7Padding | 23+ | |
AES/GCM/NoPadding | 23+ | Only 12-byte long IVs supported. |
RSA/ECB/NoPadding | 18+ | |
RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding | 18+ | |
RSA/ECB/OAEPWithSHA-1AndMGF1Padding | 23+ | |
RSA/ECB/OAEPWithSHA-224AndMGF1Padding | 23+ | |
RSA/ECB/OAEPWithSHA-256AndMGF1Padding | 23+ | |
RSA/ECB/OAEPWithSHA-384AndMGF1Padding | 23+ | |
RSA/ECB/OAEPWithSHA-512AndMGF1Padding | 23+ | |
RSA/ECB/OAEPPadding | 23+ |
KeyGenerator
Algorithm | Supported (API Levels) | Notes |
---|---|---|
AES | 23+ | Supported sizes: 128, 192, 256 |
HmacSHA1 | 23+ |
|
HmacSHA224 | 23+ |
|
HmacSHA256 | 23+ |
|
HmacSHA384 | 23+ |
|
HmacSHA512 | 23+ |
|
KeyFactory
Algorithm | Supported (API Levels) | Notes |
---|---|---|
EC | 23+ | Supported key specs: KeyInfo (private key only), ECPublicKeySpec (public key only), X509EncodedKeySpec (public key only) |
RSA | 23+ | Supported key specs: KeyInfo (private key only), RSAPublicKeySpec (public key only), X509EncodedKeySpec (public key only) |
KeyStore
KeyStore supports the same key types asKeyPairGenerator
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KeyGenerator
.KeyPairGenerator
Algorithm | Supported (API Levels) | Notes |
---|---|---|
DSA | 19–22 | |
EC | 23+ |
Prior to API Level 23, EC keys can be generated using KeyPairGenerator of algorithm 'RSA' initialized KeyPairGeneratorSpec whose key type is set to 'EC' using setKeyType(String) . EC curve name cannot be specified using this method -- a NIST P-curve is automatically chosen based on the requested key size. |
RSA | 18+ |
|
Mac
Algorithm | Supported (API Levels) | Notes |
---|---|---|
HmacSHA1 | 23+ | |
HmacSHA224 | 23+ | |
HmacSHA256 | 23+ | |
HmacSHA384 | 23+ | |
HmacSHA512 | 23+ |
Signature
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Algorithm | Supported (API Levels) | Notes |
---|---|---|
MD5withRSA | 18+ | |
NONEwithECDSA | 23+ | |
NONEwithRSA | 18+ | |
SHA1withDSA | 19–22 | |
SHA1withECDSA | 19+ | |
SHA1withRSA | 18+ | |
SHA1withRSA/PSS | 23+ | |
SHA224withDSA | 20–22 | |
SHA224withECDSA | 20+ | |
SHA224withRSA | 20+ | |
SHA224withRSA/PSS | 23+ | |
SHA256withDSA | 19–22 | |
SHA256withECDSA | 19+ | |
SHA256withRSA | 18+ | |
SHA256withRSA/PSS | 23+ | |
SHA384withDSA | 19–22 | |
SHA384withECDSA | 19+ | |
SHA384withRSA | 18+ | |
SHA384withRSA/PSS | 23+ | |
SHA512withDSA | 19–22 | |
SHA512withECDSA | 19+ | |
SHA512withRSA | 18+ | |
SHA512withRSA/PSS | 23+ |
SecretKeyFactory
Algorithm | Supported (API Levels) | Notes |
---|---|---|
AES | 23+ | Supported key specs: KeyInfo |
HmacSHA1 | 23+ | Supported key specs: KeyInfo |
HmacSHA224 | 23+ | Supported key specs: KeyInfo |
HmacSHA256 | 23+ | Supported key specs: KeyInfo |
HmacSHA384 | 23+ | Supported key specs: KeyInfo |
HmacSHA512 | 23+ | Supported key specs: KeyInfo |
Additional code samples
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The Android AsymmetricFingerprintDialog, Android BasicAndroidKeyStore, and Android ConfirmCredential samples further demonstrate the use of the APIs covered on this page.
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Blog articles
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See the blog entryUnifying Key Store Access in ICS.